women’s studies 100  

women, culture, politics, &  society , spring 2004  

Dr. Lori Askeland  /  HH 123 /  Off.Hrs: 10-11:30 MTThF  + appt  

course description

 “Women, Culture, Politics, and Society” is an introductory Women’s Studies course.  Participants in this course will bring differing levels of experience, interests, and talents, which this course will seek to recognize and value as a strength.  Together, we’ll seek to develop an understanding of the complex experiences of women from a variety of backgrounds.  We will do this, in part, because one premise of Women's Studies is that a focus on women's lives can help us to create new frameworks for exploring gender, frameworks that help us more accurately describe and understand the amazing variety of lived experiences of all people on this planet.  While we will primarily be looking at the lives and experiences of women in the United States, we will also examine the way individual lives are inevitably intertwined with global issues and questions. Thus, as a class we will think critically about the influence of historical events, race, gender, sex, sexuality, class, ability, colonialism and technology on women's lives.  In doing so, we will read texts that utilize the research methods of traditional fields (history, psychology, sociology, literature), and their attendant theories, but also work to invoke the creative challenge that Women’s Studies offers to traditional, academic ways of knowing social and cultural life.  In particular, since the women’s rights movement arose first out of the abolitionist movement of the 19th century, and Women’s Studies itself emerged out of the civil rights movements of the 1960s and 70s, Women’s Studies insists as a discipline on an intense and necessary relationship between theory and practice.  Thus, beyond the normal academic work, a midterm exam and a final project, this course will require all students to participate in some form of gender-related activism which will form part of your second major paper.  This course is writing intensive.   

texts

 Atwood, Margaret.  The Handmaid's Tale.  1986.  New York: Anchor, 1998. (0-385-49081-x).  Abbrev: HT

 Jacobs, Harriet.  Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl.  1860.  New York: Dover, 1998.  Abbrev: Jacobs

 Minas, Anne.  Gender Basics: Feminist Perspectives on Women and Men.  2nd ed.   Belmont, CA: Wadsworth/Thomson, 2000. GB

  . . . & many e-res articles, websites, and handouts.   


course assignments/assessment

 reading responses / quizzes / in-class work      10%       expect a quiz or brief writing (1-2 pp) on each reading §

essay 1                                                                    15%       due  week   4

midterm                                                                 15%       March 2nd  

essay 2                                                             15%      due  week  12

group research project / presentation                20%       last four weeks of class

final exam                                                             15%       as   scheduled (see master schedule)

attendance / participation  / maturity                10% *             always!

  *Any absence for ANY reason has the potential to interfere with learning, especially if you fail to Practice Mature Communication. See attached “Attendance, Pariticpation, Maturity” handout for more information.   I reserve the right to fail any student for too many absences—whether excused or unexcused.  More than 4 absences=“too many.”   FYI: That number—4—includes  excuses for university-related events, athletics, music, theatre, etc.  

§ For extra credit, which will be applied to your quiz grade, you may attend a total of TWO on-campus events and write a brief response (1 page) that quickly summarizes the event AND --this is important!--connects what you experienced to our course in a SPECIFIC way. (If you could have written the response without being in this class, it will NOT count!)


cardinal rule:     Practice Mature Communication.

     I  sincerely want you to communicate during difficult times.  But, when you do, work to show me that you care more about learning than about grades.       1) take responsibility for any missed information before returning to class by contacting a classmate, not by asking me for a special private lecture.                2)  avoid whining               and              3) make  no attempt to make me (or anyone/thing else, up to and including ‘acts of God,’) more responsible for your choices than you are.  


always read the fine print: rules for papers, etc.

 1)       All papers are due at the beginning of class on the due date, unless specified otherwise.  If you arrive late or do not come to class at all on that date, hoping to turn it in after class, the paper is automatically considered one full day late—even if I find it in my mailbox after class.   The day ends whenever I happen to leave or cease to check my mailbox for the day.  Any excuse must be unforeseeable and fully documentable—including funerals.  Illnesses must be very serious indeed to avoid penalty.  Colds, for example, are just bad luck; plan ahead. 

2)       Quizzes and in-class activities that are worth  points cannot be made up, regardless of excuse.  Each student is allowed one dropped quiz. 

3)       Papers lose 10% the first day they are late and 5% each day thereafter.* (So, if you show up 20  minutes late for class and turn in a paper that should have received an 88%, it will receive a 78%.  If  I find it in my mailbox the next day, it can receive no higher than 73%.)   * including each weekend date, no, you may not hand in papers on Saturdays, Sundays, or holidays. In an emergency, practice mature communication, as soon as possible.

4)       Please do not slide papers under my office door.  They may lie crumpled behind my door for weeks, and will no doubt receive a failing grade.

5)       All papers must be written according to MLA style: typed in a normal font (10-12 pt Times New Roman or equivalent), with normal 1” margins on all sides.  Your last name and the page number should appear on the top right hand corner of each page.   (There’s a link to the homepage explaining how to do that in MSWord).

6)       To receive a passing grade, all papers MUST quote from relevant texts, analyze the quotations, and use parenthetical citations and include a complete works cited list.  Papers that do not have a works list will fail, even if the only works that are cited are texts from this class.

7)       If  I have collected and commented on drafts of the paper, keep the draft and turn it in with the final version of the paper.

8)       You cannot pass this course if any major assignment is not completed, even if it is so late that it will receive a failing grade.

9)       FINAL ADVICE: In the long run it will be better for you to lose a few points with grace than to bother me with a continuous stream of excuses.  If given the choice between accepting the penalty for lateness or absence, even if it strikes you as unfair, or whining for a break or an exception, please choose the former tactic.   I bore of guilt trips, and remember them when I’m calculating end-of-term grades.  Practice mature communication.


academic integrity @ wittenberg.edu

All work completed in this course, including all drafts, must comply to the code of academic integrity, to the best of a student’s ability.  All major work must be signed, indicating support for the Wittenberg honor statement:

“I affirm that my work upholds the highest standards of honesty and academic integrity at Wittenberg,

and that I have neither given nor received unauthorized assistance.”

All students in this course are expected to read and understand the Code of Academic Integrity at

http://www4.wittenberg.edu/academicintegrity/CodeOfAcademicIntegrity01152003.pdf

as well as the document “Plagiarism: What It Is & How to Recognize & Avoid It” http://www.indiana.edu/~wts/pamphlets/plagiarism.shtml

which identifies and explains the various forms of plagiarism.

If at any time you have questions about your use of a particular source

or how to cite it appropriately, please ask me.


on learning disabilities and differing learning styles:

I am happy to discuss learning strategies and styles with any student in this class. Wittenberg University is, additionally,

committed to providing reasonable accommodations for eligible students with disabilities. 

If you are eligible for course accommodation due to a disability, please provide me with your self-identification letter from the academic services office, 208 Recitation Hall, so that we may discuss your learning needs.


The will to change begins in the body not in the mind

My politics is in my body, accruing and expanding with every

act of resistance and each of my failures

Locked in the closet at 4 years old I beat the wall with my body

that act is in me still

—Adrienne  Rich, “Afterword.”


 tentative* syllabus

 *I believe in trying to make each course that I teach, even if I have taught it before, “new” and also responsive to the needs of the particular class of students I’m teaching that term, AND even to events and opportunities that may arise as the semester progresses.  Hence, although I have attempted to accurately gauge the time needed for each of the readings we will being doing, some of them I have not taught before, and we may need to spend more or less time on any particular one.  Often, I seek student input on how to proceed.  Other, unforeseen opportunities and events may also disrupt this schedule.  I will generally communicate any changes both in class and via email (and/or posted on the online syllabus).  Your attendance is vital to help make decisions about the directions we may choose to go as a class, and to keep track of changes in the syllabus

 week                                       tentative* assignment

 1         Jan 12-17         Introduction to the course, each other, the syllabus and the burning question:

 Is Women’s Studies Just A Continuing, One-Sided “Battle of the Sexes” Game?” 

 Read for Weds class: The syllabus and all ancillary materials, including:

¤        “Plagiarism: What It Is & How to Recognize & Avoid It” http://www.indiana.edu/~wts/pamphlets/plagiarism.shtml

¤                  Also read for Weds: Minas’s “Introduction” (GB 1-8).  Note, especially, her definition of “feminism.”  What does “feminism” mean to you?  What does “women’s studies” mean?

¤                  Expect a quiz over the syllabus and the first reading.

For Friday:

¤                Frye, “Oppression” (GB 10-16)

¤                Kaufman, “Men, Feminism, and Men’s Contradictory Experiences of Power (GB 23-30)

Writing: Answer Question 2 on page 16 of GB.  Be sure to explore—in as fair a manner as possible—how  Frye makes the case that opening doors for women is part of an oppressive structure, without stating your own opinion.  Spend at least 1 full paragraph  doing so.  THEN state your own thoughts on the issue.

  

EXTRA CREDIT INFORMATION!

WMST students For extra credit, which will be applied to your quiz grade, you may attend a total of TWO on-campus events and write a brief response (1 page) that quickly summarizes the event AND --this is important!--connects what you experienced to our course in a SPECIFIC way. (If you could have written the response without being in this class, it will NOT count!)

Upcoming relevant events

1) THURSDAY ! WMST "tea with the feminists" Thursday 2/20 4-6 pm. Benjamin Prince House.  Food, fun, and games.


2         Jan 19-23                     Oppression & Gender: Definitions, Anger, and Privilege

For Monday:  MLK, Jr. Day.  Note: Convocation Schedule Change!  NO CLASS.

 Required: Attend Pastor Graetz’s talk at 11:00

¤         Required: Attend Pastor Graetz's talk at 11:00 and, in class, plan to write a brief comparative response to his talk and one of today’s readings  (McIntosh, Lorde)

¤                Lorde, “The Uses of Anger: Women Responding to Racism” (GB 39-45)

¤                McIntosh, “White Privilege and Male Privilege” (GB 30-39)

¤         US Census Bureau report on poverty rates, 2001 (http://ferret.bls.census.gov/macro/032002/pov/new01_001.htm )

 Wednesday:   In-class writing, discussion of Graetz, Lorde, McIntosh.  START READING JACOBS!

 Friday: Continued discussion.  (Keep reading Jacobs!)

Note: For Monday read all of Jacobs, Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl.

Week

3          Jan 25-28    Women and American History:  Harriet Jacobs and the Intersection of Race, Class and Gender in the 19th Century, laws and culture

Monday:  

¤     Read all of Jacobs, Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl by class time!

¤    WRITE: 1.5-2.5 page reaction paper.  Your writing must convince me that you've read the whole thing and that you have thought about it.  Include at least ONE quotation!

 

As you read:

1)       Look for connections to our readings thus far.  Think especially about how race, gender, and social class play out in this book, particularly in Harriet Jacobs’/“Linda Brent’s” life.  (By the way: it is NOT a novel; it is a “slave narrative.”  Novels are fictional; by contrast, this book is, essentially, Jacobs’s incredible life story, as scholars have exhaustively demonstrated.) 

·         How does gender, in particular, affect Jacobs’ experience of, and understanding of, slavery?  Find—and mark in your text!—passages  that seem important to explaining the gender-related  concerns that Jacobs brings up relating to slavery.

·         Beyond being a black woman, how does Jacobs’ specific racial status—as a light-skinned African American woman—seem to affect her experience  both in slavery and in her life after slavery? 

·         Notice that Jacobs’ family is not as poor as some white families (and is better off than most black families of the time), although their legal status is uncertain.  Pay attention to the family’s place in the community. How does the community view them, and where does that status seem to come from?  How does this class distinction play out in Jacobs’ life—what (small) privileges does it give her and her family, and why?  What does her family have to do to maintain those privileges? 

2)       Think about the 19th-century (“Victorian”) period of the book: what stereotypes, if any, do you have about women’s lives and the general  society as a whole during that time period?  Does this book confirm them in some ways?  If so, how?  Does it defy them?   Again, how?

3)       Take notes on things you notice about the roles of both black women and white women during this period:

·         What are the expectations they experience  in their role as daughters?  As mothers? As wives?  Do these seem to be affected by race and/or socioeconomic class?   

·         What kind of “work” is considered “appropriate”  for women of varying social groups? 

·         What kind of conditions do they seem to experience in their living and/or working environments?  

·         Are there differences in these women’s living and working environments in the South vs. the North?

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 

Wednesday:   continued discussion of Jacobs: What is the legal meaning of slavery at this time?

¤                Read the following laws regarding slavery, as established in Virginia, but which were applied in most southern colonies and then states, which I’ve selected (and I have occasionally modernized the spelling, only, a little) from Tom Russell, Professor, University of Denver Law School.  Please feel free to look at the originals at: http://www.law.du.edu/russell/lh/alh/docs/virginiaslaverystatutes.html

December 1662 - 14th Charles II, 2:170, Act XII. Negro women’s children to serve according to the condition of the mother. WHEREAS some doubts have arisen whether children got by any Englishman upon a negro woman should be slave or free, Be it therefore enacted and declared by this present grand assembly, that all children borne in this country shall be held bond or free only according to the condition of the mother, And that if any christian shall commit fornication with a negro man or woman, he or she so offending shall pay double the fines imposed by the former act.

 

September 1667 - 19th Charles II, ACT III, 2:260. An act declaring that baptism of slaves doth not exempt them from bondage. WHEREAS some doubts have risen whether children that are slaves by birth, and by the charity and piety of their owners made partakers of the blessed sacrament of baptism, should by virtue of their baptism be made free; It is enacted and declared by this grand assembly, and the authority thereof, that the conferring of baptism doth not alter the condition of the person as to his bondage or freedom; that diverse masters, freed from this doubt, may more carefully endeavour the propagation of christianity by permitting children, though slaves, or those of growth if capable to be admitted to that sacrament

 

September 1668 - 20th Charles II, Act VII (1668), 2:267. Negro women not exempted from tax.

WHEREAS some doubts, have arisen whether negro women set free were still to be accounted tithable according to a former act, It is declared by this grand assembly that negro women, though permitted to enjoy their freedom yet ought not in all respects to be admitted to a full fruition of the exemptions and impunities of the English, and are still liable to payment of taxes.

 

October 1669 - 21st Charles II, 2:270, Act I. An act about the casual killing of slaves.

WHEREAS the only law in force for the punishment of refractory servants (a) resisting their master, mistress or overseer cannot be inflicted upon negroes, nor the obstinacy of many of them by other than violent means suppressed, Be it enacted and declared by this grand assembly, if any slave resist his master (or other by his masters order correcting him) and by the extremity of the correction should chance to die, that his death shall not be accounted felony, but the master (or that other person appointed by the master to punish him) be acquit from molestation, since it cannot be presumed that prepensed malice (which alone makes murder felony) should induce any man to destroy his own estate.

 

October 1670 - 22nd Charles II, Act V, 1670,2:280. No Negroes nor Indians to buy christian servants.

Whereas it hath been questioned whither Indians or negroes manumitted, or otherwise free, could be capable of purchasing christian servants, It is enacted that noe negro or Indian though baptised and enjoyned their own freedom shall be capable of any such purchase of christians, but yet not debarred from buying any of their own nation.

 

 

Friday:  Continued discussion of Jacobs and the beginning of the “First Wave” Women’s Rights Movement:

Read

¤                National Women’s History Project, “Legacy ’98: A Short History of the Women’s Rights Movement, 1848-1998.” http://www.legacy98.org/move-hist.html

¤                “The Declaration of Sentiments” from the 1848 Seneca Falls Convention, online at: http://www.pinn.net/~sunshine/book-sum/seneca3.html

¤                Essay 1 will be assigned: proposal due Monday, February 2nd.  It will be a comparative paper, working with Jacobs and at least one other text from this portion of the semester.  Over the weekend, re-read  important materials to come up with a good insight, hypothesis, observation about these texts.  What have you learned by reading them, together, here?

 

 

Week 4

January 31-February 4

 

Monday:  Is slavery still around in the US today?  Read "The Girls Next Door" first published on 1/25/04 in the New York Times Magazine about sexual slavery in the United States. Some questions to consider: 

Wednesday: Hypothesis for essay #1 due  

 

What are 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Waves of Feminism/Women's Rights Movements (This site refers to Great Britain, but the ideas apply to the US as well)?

 

READ:  http://spider.georgetowncollege.edu/ws/1st,_2nd,_3rd_wave.htm

Friday:  Writing discussion. 

Read, Hooks, “Talking Back” (GB 78)  

READ Indiana University's "How to Write a Thesis" page: http://www.indiana.edu/~wts/pamphlets/thesis_statement.shtml

AND  Read my Handout on Organization

 

 

Week 5

February 7-11 “She’s got the Look.”: Beauty and the Beast!  Beauty is the Beast?  The Beast is Beautiful?? 

Do not read beauty magazines.  They will only make you feel ugly.

 –Mary Schmich, Chicago Tribune, 1997

 

Monday:   Essay 1 Drafts due for Workshop.

Wednesday:  Film, Kilbourne,  Killing Us Softly III.  Wendell, “The Flight from the Rejected Body” (GB 54), Wolf, “Hunger” (GB 85), and Read Susan Bordo, "The Empire of Images and our World of Bodies" from the Chronicle of Higher Ed (12/19/03), available on e-res.

               

Friday: Bring magazines to class for analysis—ads and articles.Essay 1 Final Due  

 

Week 6

February 14-18

 

Monday:   Make the Beast “Beautiful”?  Surgical Approaches . . .

¤                Diana Dull and Candace West, “Accounting for Cosmetic Surgery: The Accomplishment of Gender” (GB 98)

 Surgically Altered and Proud (for different reasons...): 

¤                Orlan, French performance  artist: http://www.orlan.net.  

More on Orlan, IN ENGLISH:

            http://www.dundee.ac.uk/transcript/volume2/issue2_2/orlan/orlan.htm.  Orlan, "Carnal Art"

            http://www.stanford.edu/class/history34q/readings/Orlan/Orlan.html Art + Text article, David Moos, "Memories of Being: Orlan's Theatre of the Self"

            http://www.stanford.edu/class/history34q/readings/Orlan/Orlan2.html  Art in America article, Barbara Rose, "Orlan: Is it Art?"

            http://www.digibodies.org/online/orlan.htm "Orlan (France)" biography/critique by Jeremy Drummond.

¤               Cindy Jackson, human Barbie, www.cindyjackson.com : Examine “My Surgery” and read the Frequently Asked Questions page. http://www.cindyjackson.com/faq.html

¤                From transgender  to no gender: Kate Bornstein's website: visit and read both "Kate Bornstein"

            http://www.tootallblondes.com/KatePages/kate_bornstein.htm, and 

            "Kate Answers the Question 'Hoowahyou?'" http://www.tootallblondes.com/KatePages/hoowahyou.htm

 

Wednesday & Friday:  Is the Beast a “Tough Guise”?  

 

NOTE: Start Reading Margaret Atwood, The Handmaid's Tale.

¤                Wed: Read e-res Kate Bornstein, "Who's On Top?" My Gender Workbook. New York: Routledge, 1998.  35-46, 62-71.

 

To use e-res:  Go to the library website's "e-res page" at: http://witt-eres.wittenberg.edu/courseindex.asp , click on my name and type in the password that I will hand out in class.  Then click on "My Gender Workbook" (Bornstein), and print--it is a 13-page pdf file, so be sure to allow some time.  Not a bad idea to do this on-campus--perhaps in the library itself--just to save yourself some time, paper.

 

¤                View film, “Tough Guise” by Jackson Katz.  

 

Is the need for men to be tough, and the need for women to please men, possibly related to our increasing economic vulnerability?  The rich are getting richer and fewer and the poor are getting poorer and more numerous, see this compilation of statistics by Joe Soss at American University: http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/GSSW/schram/sossinequality.html

The middle class is not getting richer, it's getting "squeezed", according to many reports, including this 2001 article from the New York times http://www.commondreams.org/headlines01/0831-03.htm

 

 

 

 

Week 7

February 21-25

Read: Margaret Atwood, The Handmaid’s Tale.  Read all by Wednesday, 2/25  

 

READ "Atwood on Atwood" (Margaret Atwood's original "Note to the Reader," included in the first edition of HT, and an interview where she discusses HT.)


Monday WRITE Find, bring to class 2/8 an example from a recent news source (newspaper, article, magazine, online news service, etc.) of any current events--say within the past year or two--that resemble the activities described in The Handmaid's Tale. Write up a 2-page response to your article that summarizes the event and explain how it connects to in The Handmaid's Tale.

Here's one possibility From the Revolutionary Association of the Women of Aghanistan, on the Taliban's execution of women who failed to follow the rules

http://rawa.fancymarketing.net/murder-w.htm

Go to their main site, and look around a little: http://rawa.fancymarketing.net/

Wednesday: Midterm Exam 3/2

Friday: No class.  

Before you leave for Spring Break, read and think about the assignment for Essay #2: http://userpages.wittenberg.edu/laskeland/ws100paperassignment.htm


After Break:

Week 9:  14-18 March

"Love and Relationships" (Gender Basics, section 4).  Bring Handmaid's Tale to class with you.

3/14  Nozick, "Love's Bond" (GB 176), Strikwerda & May, "Male Friendship" (GB 184), de Beauvoir, "The Woman in Love" (GB 192)

3/16  Frye, "The Arrogant Eye, The Loving Eye, and the Beloved" (GB 197), Ewing, "The Civic Advocacy of Violence" (GB 203), and bell hooks, "Violence in Intimate Relationships: A Feminist Perspective" (GB 208)

3/18 ERES: "On Not Being a Victim" Mary Gaitskill.  To get the Gaitskill Go to http://witt-eres.wittenberg.edu/courseindex.asp, choose "Lori Askeland" then choose the course, and use the password I gave you earlier this term to access the article.  (Email me if you've forgotten it.)


Week 10

Economic Class and Gendered Work in the U.S. and around the World.

3/21 (Mon) Lips, "Women & Power in the Workplace" (GB 110), Sokoloff, "The Half-Empty Glass" (GB 119), Minas, "Target Hiring" (GB 133)

3/23 (Wed) Comas-Diaz "Tokenism and Stereotyping" (GB 137); Paul, "The Comparable Worth Debate" (GB 143); Chang, "Undocumented Latinas" (GB 166)  Klein, No Logo "The Discarded Factory": either click here or e-res.

3/25 (Fri)   

1) Proposal for Essay #2 due!  See: http://userpages.wittenberg.edu/laskeland/ws100paperassignment.htm

2)  Get into Groups for last 4 weeks of class: you choose the topic! I will put you in groups this week to choose topics and readings for the last four weeks of class. Options are almost limitless, but include

1) Sexual harassment (see GB Part VII)--see also e-res selection, "Higher Yearning";

2) Bonds, esp. Marriage (GB Part V);

3) Sex for sale (GB Part VIII)--could be divided into two groups prostitution and pornography;

4) Fertility control (GB Part IX);

5) Reproduction Hi-Tech/Low Tech (GB Part X);

6) Raising Children (GB Part XI);

7) Age/Ageism (GB Part XII)

8) Athletics/Gender discrimination/Title IX (I can help you find readings, could have a Title IX tour of the HPER center with Linda Arena--sky's the limit);


Week 11

3/28, 3/30 TBA?

ERES: Go to http://witt-eres.wittenberg.edu/courseindex.asp, choose "Lori Askeland" then choose the course, and use the     password I gave you earlier this term to access the article.  (Email me if you've forgotten it.)   

4/1  Final prep for presentations.  

OHIOLINK DIGITAL VIDEO RESOURCE: (online videos): Go to the Library's website, http://www6.wittenberg.edu/lib/ and click on "Research Resources," then click on "Indexes and Databases" then "Digital Video Collection" or go directly to: http://dmc.ohiolink.edu/media/ffhLogin

 


4/4   Paper #2, drafts due.  http://userpages.wittenberg.edu/laskeland/ws100paperassignment.htm

 

GROUP PRESENTATIONS BEGIN.